Disa njohuri te gjeometrise elementare
Posted: 30 Jan 2009, 12:02This booklet has been produced for bilingual pupils whose first language is Albanian.
It may be used as a reference book or in bilingual support.
Ky liber eshte pregatitur per nxenesit gjuha e pare e te cileve eshte Shqip. Mund te perdoret si liber referimi ose ne ndihme te dygjuhesise.
Contents
1. Signs and Symbols - Shenjat dhe Simbolet
2. Area - Siperfaqja
3. Volume - Vellimi
4. Money - Monedhat
5. Lines - Vijat
6. Angles - Kendet
7. Triangles - Trekendeshat
8. Circles - Rrathet
9. Shapes - Format
10. Graphs - Grafiket
11. Fractions - Thyesat
12. Decimals - Dhjetoret
13. Distance - Distancat
14. Capacity - Kapaciteti
15. Weight - Pesha
16. Time - Koha
17. Temperature - Temperatura
ADDITION - MBLEDHJA
Add - shto
Plus - plus
And - edhe
total of - totali i
increase by - me rrit nga
sum of - shuma e 
altogether - te gjitha se bashku
SUBTRACTION - ZBRITJA
Subtract - zbrit
Minus - minus
take away - heq
less - me pak
decrease by - zvogeloj me
reduce by - reduktoj me
from - nga
âˆ’ï€ ï€ï€ difference between - diferenca midis
MULTIPLICATION - SHUMEZIMI
multiplied by - shumezo me
times - here
by - nga

the product of ( 3 x 4) - rezultat i (3 x 4)
DIVISION - PJESETIMI
divided by - pjeseto nga
into - ne
ïƒ·ï€ share - ndaj
equals - Barazim (jep)
is - Eshte
is the same as - Eshte e njejte me
makes - Ben
ï€½ï€ has the same value as - ka te njejten vlere me
is approximately - Eshte perafersisht
about - Rreth
close to - afer me
nearly - Pothuajse
around - Rreth
â‰…ï€ almost the same as - gati e njejte me
is more than - Eshte me shume se
is greater than - Eshte me i madh se 
is bigger than - Eshte me i madh se
is less than - Eshte me pak se
is smaller than - Eshte me i vogel se 
is not as big as - nuk eshte me i madh se ≥
bigger than or equal to - me i madh ose i barabarte me ≤
smaller than or equal to - me i vogel ose i barabarte me 
per cent - Perqind
: ratio - Raporti
clockwise - Drejtimi i akrepave te ores
anticlockwise counter clockwise - Drejtimi i kundert i akrepave te ores
v root Rrenja 8
infinity Infinit
Area - Siperfaqja
Area means how much space a flat (two dimensional) shape takes up. We
measure area in square e.g. square centimeters (cm 2 ) - Siperfaqja eshte vendi qe ze nje figure e sheshuar (me dy permasa, gjatesi dhe gjeresi). Siperfaqja matet ne katror p.sh. centimeter katror (cm 2).
Area = length x width = 4cm x 2cm = 8 cm2
Siperfaqja = gjatesi x gjeresi= 4cm x 2cm= 8 cm2
A cube has six faces. The surface area of a cube may be drawn like this:Nje kub ka gjashte faqe. Siperfaqja e kubit mund te vizatohet keshtu:1,2,3,4,7,8,6,5,1,2,6,4,3,5
Volume - Vellimi
Volume means how much space a solid (3 dimensional) shape takes up. We measure volume in cubes. E. g. cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) - Vellimi shpreh vendin qe ze nje figure e plote (me 3 permasat, gjatesi,
gjeresi dhe lartesi). Vellimi matet me kub. P.sh. centimeter kub (cm 3 ).
Volume = length x width x height
Vellimi = gjatesi x gjeresi x lartesi
V = 4 x 1 x 2
V = 8cm 3 2cm 1cm 4cm
This cube is made of eight centimeter cubes. Its volume is 8cm 3 - Ky kub eshte i perbere nga tete kube 1
centimetersh. Vellimi i tij eshte 8cm 3
.
MONEY – MONEDHAT
These are the coins used in Britain:Keto jane monedhat qe perdoren ne Britani :
One pound (£1) is 100 pence - Nje pound (£1) eshte i barabarte me 100 pence.
These are the notes in use: Keto jane kartmonedhat ne perdorim :
We usually write prices like this: Cmimet zakonisht shkruhen : £2.99, £3.25, 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, £1, £5, £10, £20, £50, 20p, 50p, £2
Lines - Vijat
straight line - drejteza (vije e drejte)
curved line - kurbe (vije e harkuar)
horizontal line - vije horizontale
vertical line - vije vertikale
diagonal line - vije diagonale
parallel lines - vija paralele
perpendicular lines - vijat pingule
perimeter - perimetri
- These two lines meet at an angle. An angle is measured in degrees (º) - Keto dy vija takohen ne nje kend. Kendi matet me grade (º).
- This is a right-angle. It is 90º - Ky eshte nje kend i drejte. Ai eshte 90º
- A straight line is made of two right angles. It is 180º - Nje vije e drejte eshte e perbere nga dy kende te drejte. Ai eshte 180º
- A circle is made of four right angles. It has 360º - Nje rreth eshte i perbere nga kater kende te drejta. Ai ka 360º
- An angle which measures less than 90º is called an acute angle - Kendi qe eshte me i vogel se 90º quhet i ngushte.
- An angle which measures more than 90º is called an obtuse angle - Kendi qe eshte me i madhe se 90º quhet i gjere.
- An angle which measures more than 180º is called a reflex angle - Kendi qe eshte me i madh se 180º quhet kend reflektimi.
Triangles - Trekendeshat
- A triangle is a shape with 3 straight sides. It also has 3 angles. The points of a triangle are called vertices.
- Trekendeshi eshte nje figure me tre ane te drejta. Ai ka gjithashtu 3 kende. Pikat e bashkimit te brinjeve te
trekendeshit quhen kulme.
- There are different types of triangles: Trekendeshat jane te formave te ndryshme:
- Isosceles - Dybrinjenjeshem
Two sides are the same length. The two angles at the base are equal - Dy brinjet kane te njejten gjatesi. Dy kendet e bazes jane te barabarte.
Equilateral - Barabrinjes
- All three angles are equal. All three sides are the same length - Te tre kendet jane te barabarte. Te tre brinjet jane te barabarta.
- Right-angled - Kenddrejte
- One of the angles measures 90º. The longest side is called hypotenuse - Nje nga kendet eshte 90º. Brinja me e gjate quhet hipotenuza.
- The angles of a triangle always add up to 180º - Shuma e kendeve te trekendeshit eshte gjithmone 180º.
Circles - Rrathet
- The perimeter of a circle is called the circumference.- Perimetri i rrethit quhet qark.
- Half of a circle is called a semi-circle.- Gjysma e nje rrethi quhet gjysemrrethi.
- Any line from the center of a circle to the circumference is called radius - Cdo vije e hequr nga qendra e rrethit deri tek vija e qarkut quhet rreze e rrethit.
- A straight line from one side of a circle to the other side through the center is the diameter. - Drejteza e hequr nga njera ane e rrethit ne tjetren duke kaluar mespermes qendres se tij quhet diameter.
- a b Part of the circumference is an arc. The straight line ab is a chord. The shaded area is a segment.
Nje pjese e qarkut quhet hark. Drejteza ab quhet korde.
Siperfaqja e ngjyrosur eshte nje segment.
- An area of a circle enclosed by two radii and an arc is a sector - Ne nje rreth, siperfaqja ndermjet dy rrezeve dhe nje harku quhet sektor.
- A line which touches the circumference at only one point is a tangent.- Vija qe e prek qarkun vetem ne nje pike quhet tangente.
Circles which have the same center are called concentric circles. Rrathet me qender te njejte quhen rrathe koncentrike.
Shapes - Figurat - Format
- Square - Katrori
- It has four equal sides and four right angles. - Ka kater brinje te barabarta dhe kater kende te drejte.
- Rectangle - Drejtkendeshi
- It has four right angles and opposite sides are equal - Ka kater kende te barabarta dhe brinjet e kunderta dy e nga dy te barabarta.
- Parallelogram - Paralelogrami
- Opposite sides are parallel. - Brinjet e kunderta jane paralele.
- Quadrilateral - Katerkendershi
- Any shape with four straight sides. - Cdo figure me kater brinje te drejta.
Pentagon - Pesekendeshi
It has five sides and five angles. - Ka pese brinje dhe pese kende.
Hexagon - Gjashtekendeshi
It has six sides and six angles. - Ka gjashte brinje dhe gjashte kende.
Trapezium - Trapezi
One set of sides is parallel. - Vetem dy nga brinjet jane paralele me njera-tjetren.
Ellipse - Elips
Graphs - Grafiket
Y A graph has a vertical axis (y) and a horizontal axis (x).
X Grafiku ka nje bosht vertikal (y) dhe nje horizontal (x).
There are many different types of graphs or charts: Ka lloje te ndryshme grafikesh ose hartash:
Y A straight-line graph. - Grafik i shprehur me nje vije te drejte x, y
A graph plotting points - Grafik i shprehur me bashkimin e pikave x
A bar chart or block graph Harte me linja vertikale ose grafik bllok
A pictogram - Nje piktogram
A column graph - Nje grafik i shprehur me kolona
A pie-chart is a circle divided into different sectors. - Harta rrethore paraqitet me nje rreth te ndare ne sectore
te ndryshem.
A fraction is a part of a whole. 4/5 is a fraction. It may be shown like this:
Thyesa eshte pjese e nje te plote. 4/5 eshte nje thyese. Ajo mund te shprehet ne kete menyre :
4/5, 1/5
Here is another fraction: 2/3 - Kjo eshte nje thyese tjeter : 2/3
This means two parts out of three. We say two-thirds - Kjo do te thote 2 pjese nga 3. Ne themi dy te tretat.
The number at the top is called the Numerator- Numri ne pjesen e lartme te thyeses quhet : Numeruesi
The number at the bottom is called the Denominator - Numri ne pjesen e poshtme te thyeses quhet: Emeruesi
This is a mixed number: 3 ½ - Ky eshte nje numer i perbere : 3 ½
It is made of a whole number and a fraction. It may be written as an Improper
Fraction:
Eshte i perbere nga nje numer i plote dhe nje thyese. Gjithashtu mund te shkruhet si thyese e parregullt:
3 ½ = 7/2
mixed number improper fraction numer i perbere thyese e parregullt
Equivalent (equal) Fraction - Thyesat e barabarta
½, ¼, 1/8, 1, 16
Decimals - Dhjetoret (presjet dhjetore)
Parts of a whole number can also be written as decimals:
Pjese te numrave mund te shkruhen gjithashtu edhe si perqindje:
1/10 is the same as 0.1
1/10 eshte e njejte me 0.1
1/4 is the same as 0.25
1/4 eshte e njejte me 0.25
4 1/5 is the same as 4.2
4 1/5 eshte e njejte me 4.2
Percentages - Perqindjet
1% is one every 100
1% eshte 1 ne cdo 100
1% is 1p in every pound
1% eshte 1p ne cdo 1pound (£)
1% is 1/100
1% eshte 1/100
1% is 0.01
1% eshte 0.01
Conversion Table - Tabele konvertimi
Thyesat
Half = gjysma - ½
Quarter = cereku - ¼
three-quarters = tre te kartetat - ¾
Dhjetoret - 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.1, 0.2.....
Perqindja - 50%, 25%, 75%
One tenth - Nje e dhjeta - 1/10
One fifth - Nje e pesta - 1/5
10%, 20%
One third - Nje e treta - 1/3
Two thirds - Dy te tretat - 2/3
0.33, 0.67, 33, 1/3%, 66, 2/3%
One eighth Nje e teta - 1/8, 0.125, 12 ½
Distances - Distancat
Metric system - Sistemi metrik
Mm - millimetre - milimeter
cm - centimetre - centimeter
m - metre - meter
km - kilometre – kilometer
Imperial system Conversions - Sistemi imperial Konvertime
In - inch
2½cm = 1in
ft - foot
1m = 1 yd
yd - yard
1km = 5/8 mi
mi - mile
12 ins = 1ft
3ft = 1 yd
1760yds = 1 mi
Capacity - Vellimi
Metric system - Sistemi metrik
ml – millilitre - mililiter
cc - cubic centimetre - centimeter kubic
l./li – litre - liter
1cc = 1ml
1 l = 1000ml
Imperial system - Sistemi imperial
fl.oz - fluid ounce
pt - pint
gal - gallon
20fl oz = 1 pt
8pts = 1 gal
Conversions - Konvertime
1 litre = 1 ¾ pints
1 gal = 4 ½ litres
Weight - Pesha
Metric system - Sistemi metrik
mg. – milligram - miligram
g – gram - gram
kg – kilogram - kilogram
1000mg = 1g
1000g = 1kg
1000kg = 1 tonne (ton)
Imperial system - Sistemi imperial
oz. - ounce
lb. - pound
st. - stone
16oz = 1lb
14lb = 1st
Conversions - Konvertime
1oz = 28g
1kg = 2 1/5 lb
Time
Units of time s =
Second = sekond
min = minute = minut
h = hour = ore
wk = week = jave
yr = year = vit
p.a. = per year = ne vit, per vit
60s = 1min = 1 minut
24h = 1 day = 1 dite
52 wks = 1 year = 1 vit
60 mins = 1 hour = 1 ore
7days = 1 week = 1 jave
12 months = 1 year = 1 vit
Calendar Months - Muajt kalendarike
30 days has September, April, June and November -30 dite ka Shtatori, Prilli, Qershori dhe Nentori
All the rest have 31 - Te gjithe te tjeret kane 31
Except February all alone which has 28 days clear and 29 in each leap year - Me perjashtim vetem te Shkurtit i cili ka 28 dite ne vit normal dhe 29 ne cdo vit te brishte.
Temperature Temperatura
boiling point = pika e vlimit
body temperature = temperatura e trupit
freezing point = temperatura e ngrirjes
Temperature is usually measured in ºC (degrees Celsius)
Temperatura zakonisht matet me ºC (grade celsius)
Sometimes ºF (Fahrenheit) is used - Nganjere perdret ºF (Fahrenheit) 0ºC = 32ºF 100ºC = 212ºF 100º 30º 0º